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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Bacterial keratitis requires new antibacterial therapies due to rapid progression.
  • Cationic polymers show promise but have cytotoxicity issues.
  • A strategy is needed to improve cationic polymer safety and targeted delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a "detachable polyanionic protective shell (DPPS)" strategy for cationic polymers.
  • To create a functional nano-assembly (PQCT) with adaptable charge properties.
  • To evaluate PQCT's efficacy and safety in treating bacterial keratitis.

Main Methods:

  • Co-assembly of quaternary ammonium salt (QAS)-modified polylysine and chlorin e6 (Ce6) into nanoassemblies (PQC).
  • Encapsulation of PQC with polythioctic acid (PTA) to form the DPPS, yielding PQCT.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies to assess antibacterial activity and biocompatibility post-laser irradiation.

Main Results:

  • PQCT exhibits a net negative charge under physiological conditions, ensuring good biocompatibility.
  • Laser irradiation triggers ROS production, leading to DPPS degradation and charge reversal to positive.
  • Exposed QAS and ROS demonstrate potent antibacterial effects, validated in vitro and in vivo.
  • PQCT showed outstanding performance in treating bacterial keratitis models.

Conclusions:

  • The DPPS strategy effectively shields cationic polymer charges, reducing cytotoxicity.
  • PQCT demonstrates targeted, laser-activated antibacterial activity with enhanced safety.
  • This approach offers a promising therapeutic strategy for bacterial infections, especially bacterial keratitis.