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Related Concept Videos

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Radionuclide-fluorescence Reporter Gene Imaging to Track Tumor Progression in Rodent Tumor Models
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Low-Background Cancer Imaging with a Bioorthogonal Fluorescence Probe and Engineered Reporter Enzyme Bearing a

Ziyi Wang1, Ryosuke Kojima1, Rikuki Kiji2

  • 1Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

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|February 27, 2026
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This study developed a novel bioorthogonal fluorescence probe (HMRef-β-d-Fucose) and an engineered enzyme (Td2F2) for precise cancer surgery. This combination minimizes background signals, enabling clearer visualization of cancer cells in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Fluorescence-guided surgery enhances precision but is limited by probe bioorthogonality and high background signals.
  • Conventional probes often lack specificity, leading to inaccurate tumor margin detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly bioorthogonal fluorescence probe and enzyme system for improved cancer cell visualization.
  • To engineer a reporter enzyme with enhanced catalytic activity for probe activation.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of rhodol derivative-based probes, identification of HMRef-β-d-Fucose.
  • Directed evolution of a metagenomic glycosidase (Td2F2) for improved probe activation.
  • In vivo proof-of-concept study using HER2-expressing SKOV-3 cells in a mouse model.

Main Results:

  • HMRef-β-d-Fucose demonstrated bioorthogonality in mammalian systems.
  • Engineered Td2F2 showed a 7.3-fold increase in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) compared to wild-type.
  • Successful visualization of HER2-expressing cells with minimal background in a mouse model.

Conclusions:

  • The HMRef-β-d-Fucose and engineered Td2F2 system offers a promising strategy for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery.
  • This approach significantly reduces background noise, improving the accuracy of tumor detection.