Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

5.3K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.3K
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

4.8K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
4.8K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

2.9K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
2.9K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

7.9K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.9K
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

38.7K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
38.7K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

6.2K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Eosinophil-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles accelerate steatotic liver repair after ischemia/reperfusion injury through mitochondria-associated metabolic reprogramming.

Journal of nanobiotechnology·2026
Same author

Associations between hypertension care cascade, cognitive function, and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: the exacerbated role of social isolation.

Clinical hypertension·2026
Same author

Photoelectrochemical Nanofluidic Memristor: A New Family of Neuromorphic Building Blocks.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Electroconvulsive therapy modulates brain plasticity in male depression: Links to gut microbial metabolites and diet-derived regulation of Wnt/BDNF signaling.

The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·2025
Same author

Development and validation of a postoperative hypothermia risk model for minimally invasive transurethral surgery under general anesthesia.

American journal of translational research·2025
Same author

Identification of potential biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy via UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
11:02

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development

Published on: October 30, 2013

21.8K

m5C-Modified tRF3b-CysGCA-23 Suppresses Bladder Cancer Malignancy by Repressing H3K18 Lactylation via Stabilizing

Xiaoling Ying1,2, Yapeng Huang3, Jian Huang4,5

  • 1Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel molecule, m5C-modified tsRNA (mtRC), is downregulated in bladder cancer (BC) and acts as a tumor suppressor. It functions via the mtRC/RBM4/H3K18la/IL1RAP&VASH2 axis, offering a potential therapeutic target for BC.

Keywords:
Histone lactylationNSUN6RBM4bladder cancerm5C‐tRF3b‐CysGCA‐23 (mtRC)

More Related Videos

Inducible and Reversible Dominant-negative DN Protein Inhibition
08:35

Inducible and Reversible Dominant-negative DN Protein Inhibition

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.8K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer
09:40

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

Published on: August 2, 2024

3.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
11:02

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development

Published on: October 30, 2013

21.8K
Inducible and Reversible Dominant-negative DN Protein Inhibition
08:35

Inducible and Reversible Dominant-negative DN Protein Inhibition

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.8K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer
09:40

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

Published on: August 2, 2024

3.3K

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Epigenetic modifications of transfer RNA (tRNA) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are implicated in cancer development.
  • The specific role and regulatory mechanisms of m5C-modified tsRNAs in bladder cancer (BC) remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel m5C-modified tsRNA in bladder cancer.
  • To elucidate the biological function and regulatory pathway of this tsRNA in BC progression.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and expression analysis of m5C-modified tsRNAs in BC tissues and urine samples.
  • In vitro and in vivo functional assays to determine the tumor-suppressive role of the identified tsRNA.
  • Mechanistic studies involving RNA-protein binding, ubiquitination, gene expression analysis, and epigenetic modification assays.

Main Results:

  • A novel m5C-modified tsRNA, m5C-tRF3b-CysGCA-23 (mtRC), was identified and found to be significantly downregulated in BC.
  • mtRC exhibits tumor-suppressive functions, unlike its unmodified counterpart.
  • NSUN6 regulates mtRC abundance, which in turn stabilizes RBM4 by inhibiting its ubiquitination.
  • The mtRC/RBM4 axis suppresses BC malignancy by reducing glycolysis and H3K18 lactylation, thereby attenuating oncogene expression (IL1RAP and VASH2).

Conclusions:

  • mtRC plays a critical tumor-suppressive role in bladder cancer.
  • A novel regulatory axis (mtRC/RBM4/H3K18la/IL1RAP&VASH2) controlling BC malignancy has been uncovered.
  • mtRC represents a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer.