Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...

Cerebral Hemispheres

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

Lateralization

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

Language and Cognition

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

Learning Disabilities

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites are signalling hubs connecting nutrient sensing and GLP-1 secretion in L cells of the mouse gut: from physiology to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Diabetologia·2026

Same author

Integrated pneumatic micro-pump for automated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in single-islet microfluidic platform.

Biofabrication·2025

Same author

Synthetic rescue of Xeroderma Pigmentosum C phenotype via PIK3C3 downregulation.

Cell death & disease·2024

Same author

A microfluidic platform integrating functional vascularized organoids-on-chip.

Nature communications·2024

Same author

Apoptosis-modulatory miR-361-3p as a novel treatment target in endocrine-responsive and endocrine-resistant breast cancer.

The Journal of endocrinology·2023

Same author

[Generating pancreatic islets organoids: Langerhanoids].

Medecine sciences : M/S·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Creating Human Vascularized Micro-Tumors as Models for Translational Cancer Research

Author Spotlight: Creating Human Vascularized Micro-Tumors as Models for Translational Cancer Research

Published on: September 15, 2023

Vascularizing organoids-on-chip for perfused and personalized models.

Bianca Menzani¹, Priscille De Gea¹, Xavier Gidrol¹

¹University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, UA13 BGE, Biomics, 38000 Grenoble, France. xavier.gidrol@cea.fr.

|February 27, 2026

Summary

Vascularizing organoids-on-chip enhances their physiological relevance and translational potential. This review explores strategies for integrating perfusable vasculature into organoid models to overcome maturation and interaction limitations.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Improving Reproducibility in Vascular Organoids Using ROCK Inhibitors and Microwell Confinement

Author Spotlight: Improving Reproducibility in Vascular Organoids Using ROCK Inhibitors and Microwell Confinement

Published on: December 13, 2024

Modeling the Endothelial Glycocalyx Post-Pneumonectomy in a 3D Fluidic Chip - An Approach to Fabricating a Vascular-based Organ-on-Chip System

Modeling the Endothelial Glycocalyx Post-Pneumonectomy in a 3D Fluidic Chip - An Approach to Fabricating a Vascular-based Organ-on-Chip System

Published on: September 16, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Creating Human Vascularized Micro-Tumors as Models for Translational Cancer Research

Author Spotlight: Creating Human Vascularized Micro-Tumors as Models for Translational Cancer Research

Published on: September 15, 2023

Author Spotlight: Improving Reproducibility in Vascular Organoids Using ROCK Inhibitors and Microwell Confinement

Author Spotlight: Improving Reproducibility in Vascular Organoids Using ROCK Inhibitors and Microwell Confinement

Published on: December 13, 2024

Modeling the Endothelial Glycocalyx Post-Pneumonectomy in a 3D Fluidic Chip - An Approach to Fabricating a Vascular-based Organ-on-Chip System

Modeling the Endothelial Glycocalyx Post-Pneumonectomy in a 3D Fluidic Chip - An Approach to Fabricating a Vascular-based Organ-on-Chip System

Published on: September 16, 2025

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Stem Cell Biology
Microfluidics

Background:

Organoids are advanced in vitro models for human physiology and disease, but face challenges like incomplete maturation and lack of vasculature.
Integrating organoids into microfluidic platforms (organoids-on-chip) offers a controlled microenvironment to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the biological rationale, current strategies, and technical considerations for vascularizing organoids-on-chip.
To highlight the potential of vascularized organoids for improving physiological relevance, functional performance, and translational applicability.

Main Methods:

Discusses strategies for establishing stable, lumenized, and perfusable vascular networks within 3D organoid structures.
Highlights the need for interdisciplinary expertise in stem cell biology, microfluidics, and biomaterials engineering.
Focuses on creating organ-specific components, physiological flow, and anastomosis between endogenous and exogenous vascular compartments.

Main Results:

Vascularization enables direct nutrient/oxygen delivery and waste removal, promoting organoid maturation beyond embryonic stages.
Integrated vascular networks improve organoid physiology and relevance for disease modeling and drug screening.
Vascularized organoids-on-chip show promise for personalized medicine and enhanced translational applications.

Conclusions:

Vascularization is a critical step for advancing organoid-on-chip technology.
Achieving functional vascularized organoids requires a multidisciplinary approach.
This technology holds significant potential for improving in vitro disease modeling and drug development.