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Light-Assisted and Humidity-Tolerant ppb-Level NO2 Detection at Low Temperature Using a Ternary In2O3@ZnO@PPy Hybrid.

Ying Li1,2, Xiangyang Wei1,2, Jingyuan Ma1,2

  • 1Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystems, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China.

ACS Sensors
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new hybrid material, In2O3@ZnO@PPy, offers highly sensitive nitrogen dioxide (NO2) detection at low temperatures. This advanced gas sensor technology shows promise for environmental monitoring and health diagnostics.

Keywords:
NO2 sensorblue-light excitationmetal−organic frameworkspolypyrroleternary hybrid material

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a hazardous air pollutant requiring sensitive detection methods.
  • Existing metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors often need high operating temperatures and lack sensitivity to low concentrations.
  • Developing low-temperature, high-performance NO2 sensors is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a novel hierarchical ternary hybrid material for efficient NO2 detection.
  • To achieve near-room temperature and light-assisted gas sensing capabilities.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional MOS sensors in terms of operating temperature and sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hierarchical ternary hybrid material: In2O3@ZnO@PPy.
  • Utilizing blue-light excitation for enhanced gas sensing performance.
  • Investigating synergistic effects from hierarchical architecture, heterojunctions, and conductive polymer integration.
  • Evaluating sensor performance including sensitivity, limit of detection, humidity tolerance, selectivity, and stability.

Main Results:

  • The In2O3@ZnO@PPy sensor demonstrated exceptional sensitivity to NO2 at a low operating temperature of 70 °C under blue-light.
  • Achieved a high response value of 221.4 to 10 ppm NO2 and an ultralow limit of detection of 50 ppb.
  • Exhibited remarkable humidity tolerance, maintaining performance at 80% relative humidity, attributed to PPy's modulation of water molecule interaction.
  • Showcased excellent repeatability, long-term stability, and selectivity against common interferents.

Conclusions:

  • The developed In2O3@ZnO@PPy hybrid material enables highly sensitive, low-temperature, and light-assisted NO2 detection.
  • The study presents a viable light-assisted strategy for ppb-level gas sensing.
  • This work offers a generalizable approach for designing multifunctional hybrid materials for environmental monitoring and health diagnostics.