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Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Metastatic Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Single-center Experience and Systematic Review.

Robert Rennollet1, Ralph Gurtner1, Claus Belka1,2,3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

In Vivo (Athens, Greece)
|February 27, 2026
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Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) offer effective symptom relief and local control for metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) with manageable side effects.

Keywords:
ATCSBRTSRSlocal controlpalliation

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy
  • Thyroid Cancer Research

Background:

  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis.
  • Advances in systemic therapies lead to more patients with limited metastatic progression.
  • Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) are emerging as treatment options for metastatic ATC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role and efficacy of SBRT and SRS in treating metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer.
  • To assess treatment-related toxicity and symptom relief in patients receiving SBRT/SRS for ATC metastases.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of patients with ATC receiving SBRT/SRS at a tertiary care hospital.
  • Systematic literature review of studies on SRS and SBRT for ATC metastases using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases.
  • Toxicity assessment via CTCAE v3 and follow-ups every three months.

Main Results:

  • Four out of 31 patients (12.9%) in the prospective cohort received SBRT/SRS for metastatic disease.
  • Systematic review identified 11 studies, with two selected for analysis; reported overall survival ranged from 2.1 to 3.6 months.
  • SBRT/SRS demonstrated efficacy in symptom relief with manageable adverse effects in the prospective cohort.

Conclusions:

  • SBRT and SRS are viable treatment options for metastatic ATC, offering local tumor control and symptom relief.
  • These techniques show low toxicity, especially for bone and brain metastases.
  • Further research is needed to optimize patient selection and treatment regimens, particularly in combination with systemic therapy.