Research progress of miRNA in post-stroke cognitive impairment

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common and severe complication of stroke, significantly reducing patients' quality of life and life expectancy while imposing a heavy burden on families and society. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play critical roles in the development, plasticity, and repair of the central nervous system. Recent studies have revealed that multiple miRNAs are aberrantly expressed after cerebral ischemia and contribute to PSCI progression by modulating key processes such as oxidative stress，cell death，neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier，myelin repair. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the roles, target genes, and signaling pathways of miRNAs in PSCI, and discusses their potential as early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and research direction for the precision management of PSCI.