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Related Concept Videos

Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

3.6K
The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
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Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Sepsis.

Mervyn Singer1, Derek C Angus2, Djillali Annane3

  • 1Bloomsbury Intensive Care Medicine Institute, Centre for Respiratory Medicine, University College London, London, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|March 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction from infection, involves complex immune responses influenced by many factors. Understanding sepsis variability is key for personalized treatments and improved global outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a critical medical emergency characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to organ dysfunction.
  • It involves complex immune system activation and suppression, affecting multiple body systems.
  • Factors influencing sepsis risk include pathogen characteristics, infection site, host genetics, comorbidities, age, and environmental influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of sepsis, encompassing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.
  • To highlight the complexity and variability in sepsis presentation and progression.
  • To discuss current challenges and future directions in sepsis research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on sepsis epidemiology and pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to host susceptibility and disease progression.
  • Discussion of evolving treatment strategies and biomarker development.

Main Results:

  • Sepsis pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving intricate host-pathogen interactions and immune dysregulation.
  • Individualized treatment approaches are necessary due to diverse biological signatures and temporal variations in sepsis.
  • Despite advances, sepsis remains a leading cause of global mortality, underscoring the need for equitable access to care.

Conclusions:

  • Sepsis is a complex syndrome requiring a multifaceted understanding of its underlying biology.
  • Personalized medicine, guided by biomarkers, is crucial for effective sepsis management.
  • Global efforts are needed to improve sepsis prevention, early detection, and treatment for all populations.