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Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking a Dental Abscess: A Case Report
Haniyeh Najafi Aghdam1, Ladan Paya2, Mina Zohrabi1
1Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran.
Clinical Case Reports
|March 2, 2026
Summary
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can mimic dental infections in the face, causing diagnostic delays. Early biopsy is crucial for timely treatment of this non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine
Background:
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, presents diagnostic challenges in the maxillofacial region.
- Persistent cervicofacial swelling can be misdiagnosed, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of DLBCL presenting as maxillofacial swelling.
- To highlight diagnostic challenges and the importance of early biopsy.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 40-year-old male with persistent facial swelling.
- Initial fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and subsequent excisional lymph node biopsy with immunohistochemistry.
- Panoramic radiography to rule out odontogenic causes.
Main Results:
- Initial FNA showed chronic lymphadenitis, delaying diagnosis.
- Panoramic radiography ruled out dental pathology.
- Excisional biopsy confirmed DLBCL.
- Patient achieved complete response to therapy.
Conclusions:
- Maintain high suspicion for lymphoproliferative disorders in persistent cervicofacial swelling.
- DLBCL can mimic odontogenic infections; early biopsy is key.
- Timely intervention through prompt diagnosis prevents prolonged delays.
