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Modelling the ageing gastrointestinal system in-vitro using whey protein isolate.

Laura Gunning1, Michael O'Sullivan1, Eugene Dillon2

  • 1UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Food Chemistry: X
|March 2, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study adapted in-vitro digestion models for older adults, revealing significant differences in whey protein breakdown due to aging and health conditions, impacting nutrient assimilation.

Keywords:
Bioactive peptidesGastric pH conditionsHR-LC-MSMolecular weight distributionOlder adult simulated gastro intestinal digestionSize exclusion chromatographyWhey protein

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Gastroenterology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aging and certain health conditions can impair protein digestion and absorption.
  • Current in-vitro digestion models may not accurately reflect the unique gastrointestinal environment of older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt in-vitro digestion protocols for simulating older adults with gastrointestinal infections or polypharmacy.
  • To characterize whey protein digestion under these adapted conditions.
  • To understand the impact of altered digestive conditions on protein assimilation in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted in-vitro digestion protocols simulating gastric and intestinal phases.
  • Quantified whey protein breakdown via degree of hydrolysis.
  • Assessed bio-accessible peptides and molecular weight distribution (Size Exclusion Chromatography).
  • Performed peptide sequencing using High Resolution LC-MS.

Main Results:

  • Older adult digestive conditions significantly altered whey protein digestion.
  • Observed increased protein aggregates and intact proteins in the gastric phase.
  • Reduced bio-accessible peptides were found in the gastric phase.
  • Distinct proteolytic profiles were identified in the intestinal digesta.

Conclusions:

  • Simulated gastrointestinal conditions must be adapted to accurately represent older adults.
  • Altered digestion impacts whey protein breakdown and bio-accessibility in the elderly.
  • This research aids in understanding poor protein assimilation in aging populations.