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Complicated Interactions in Home Care: An Ethnographic Study.

Vilhelmina Th Einarsdottir1, Asta Snorradottir1, Jeannette Pols2

  • 1University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.

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|March 2, 2026
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Summary

Home care staff face complex interactions with users and relatives, impacting care quality. Developing communication awareness and managerial support is crucial for improving these challenging home care dynamics.

Keywords:
Icelandcaregiverscaregivingcommunicationcommunityethics/moral perspectivesethnographyhome care nursinginterviewsobservationspatient-providerrelationshipssocial servicesworkplace

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Home care services involve frequent, complex interactions between staff, service users, and their relatives.
  • The quality of these interactions significantly influences care provision and overall well-being.
  • Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing effective home care practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complexities of interactions in home care settings.
  • To understand staff, user, and relative experiences within these interactions.
  • To identify strategies for improving home care practice to better manage these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative ethnographic study conducted in Reykjavik, Iceland.
  • Data collection through observations and semi-structured interviews (N=35).
  • Analysis informed by emotional labor and care practices theories.

Main Results:

  • Identified three key themes: frictions and emotional difficulties, home vs. workplace, and challenges related to substance use.
  • Staff experiences highlight the emotional impact of complex interactions.
  • Awareness of communication and its emotional effects is vital for staff.

Conclusions:

  • Home care staff require enhanced awareness and skills to navigate complex interactions.
  • Managerial support and guidance are critical for addressing interactional challenges.
  • Developing better strategies for managing these interactions can improve home care quality and well-being.