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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
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Pnictogen-bonding-crosslinked polymer networks: constructing self-healing materials.

Qingli Song1, Yi Liu2, Yao Wang2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China wangwei_chem@zzu.edu.cn.

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|March 2, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pnictogen bonding in polymer networks enhances material stability and enables tunable self-healing, outperforming traditional hydrogen bonds. This research pioneers self-healing polymeric materials using pnictogen bonding.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Dynamic macromolecular materials require robust yet tunable interactions.
  • Pnictogen bonding is an underutilized non-covalent interaction in polymer networks.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is key to designing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce pnictogen bonding into polymer networks for creating dynamic materials.
  • To investigate the impact of pnictogen bond strength on material properties.
  • To explore the self-healing capabilities of pnictogen-bonded polymer networks.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of polymeric pnictogen-bonding networks with varying interaction strengths.
  • Mechanical testing to evaluate topological stability and reinforcement.
  • Assessment of self-healing properties under different conditions (room temperature, thermal, aqueous).
  • Mechanistic studies using NMR titration, self-assembly analysis, and cocrystal structures.

Main Results:

  • Strengthening pnictogen bonds significantly enhances the topological stability of polymer networks.
  • Pnictogen-bonded networks show superior mechanical reinforcement compared to hydrogen-bonded analogues.
  • Tunable self-healing capabilities were achieved, including spontaneous, on-demand, and aqueous healing.
  • First demonstration of self-healing behavior driven by pnictogen bonding in polymers.

Conclusions:

  • Pnictogen bonding offers a powerful strategy for designing robust and dynamic polymer networks.
  • This approach provides a versatile platform for engineering high-performance self-healing polymeric materials.
  • The findings open new avenues for advanced material design leveraging specific non-covalent interactions.