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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Infertility in Males01:23

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization
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Women's Reproductive Health Conditions and Fertility Goals.

Karen Benjamin Guzzo1, Kathleen Broussard2

  • 1Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 159 Hamilton Hall, CB#3210, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.

Population Research and Policy Review
|March 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women with reproductive health conditions are more likely to desire a child but less likely to intend to have one, suggesting these conditions may act as barriers to fertility goals.

Keywords:
FertilityFertility goalsHealth conditionsReproductive health

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Sociology of Reproduction
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Fertility decision-making research often overlooks the impact of reproductive health conditions.
  • A life course approach is increasingly emphasized for understanding reproductive careers and childbearing.
  • Reproductive health conditions may influence women's fertility goals and intentions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between reproductive health conditions and women's fertility goals.
  • To investigate how reproductive health conditions affect fertility desires and intentions.
  • To understand if reproductive health conditions are perceived as barriers to fertility goals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the 2015-2019 National Survey of Family Growth (N=8867).
  • Inclusion of women not surgically sterile or medically infertile.
  • Application of multivariable logistic regression models.

Main Results:

  • Over 20% of women reported at least one reproductive health condition.
  • Women with reproductive health conditions were 34% more likely to desire a child.
  • Conditional on desiring a child, women with these conditions were 35% less likely to intend to have a child.

Conclusions:

  • Reproductive health conditions are linked to women's fertility desires and intentions.
  • These conditions may present perceived barriers to achieving fertility goals.
  • Further research is needed on the life course impact of reproductive health on fertility decisions.