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Redefining Cytotechnologist Practice in Sweden: National Survey on Workload, Expanded Roles, and Future Competency

Vladimir Basic1, Karin A Stacke2, Genta Rexaj3

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Summary

The shift to human papillomavirus (HPV) primary screening in Sweden has reduced cervical cytology volumes by over 50%, increasing workforce pressures and attrition among cytotechnologists. Proactive planning and upskilling are crucial for sustaining cytology services.

Keywords:
Cytology trainingCytotechnologist’s job tasksEducationEmployment satisfactionPractice settings

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Area of Science:

  • Cytotechnology
  • Public Health
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cytotechnologists are vital for cervical cancer screening, but their roles vary globally.
  • The introduction of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing has significantly altered workforce needs and professional responsibilities in cytotechnology.
  • Sweden lacks a comprehensive overview of these changes within its cytotechnology sector.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the training and job tasks of Swedish cytotechnologists.
  • To assess the impact of HPV primary testing on their daily work and practice patterns.
  • To provide insights for future workforce planning in cytotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide survey of Swedish cytology laboratories was conducted.
  • An electronic questionnaire addressed workload, diagnostic tasks, digital cytology, and job satisfaction.
  • Responses were summarized using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Cervical cytology volumes decreased by over 50% with HPV primary screening, leading to workforce pressures and attrition.
  • Many cytotechnologists assumed new responsibilities, but recruitment remains low.
  • Digital cytology adoption is limited, and artificial intelligence tools are not yet utilized.
  • High interest exists in expanded professional roles, supported by management, but job satisfaction concerns are present.

Conclusions:

  • Sustaining cytology services necessitates strategic workforce planning.
  • Competency-based upskilling and role diversification are essential for cytotechnologists.
  • The adoption of digital technologies is critical for the future of cytotechnology.