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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Automated Midline Shift and Intracranial Pressure Estimation based on Brain CT Images
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Routine or Required? Reassessing Cervical CT Use in Geriatric Head Trauma-A Retrospective Analysis From a German

Josina Straub1, Julia E Lenz1, Leopold Henssler1

  • 1Clinic and Policlinic for Trauma Surgery.

Clinical Spine Surgery
|March 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cervical spine injuries (CSIs) are common in older adults with head trauma. Routine cervical spine CT imaging alongside cranial CT is valuable for timely diagnosis and treatment, with a low number needed to screen (NNS) supporting its use.

Keywords:
cervical spine injurygeriatric patientshead traumanumber needed to screenrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma surgery
  • Geriatric medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Geriatric patients with head trauma face an elevated risk of cervical spine injuries (CSIs).
  • Cranial computer tomography (cCT) is frequently used due to accessibility, but the necessity of routine cervical spine CT imaging alongside cCT remains unclear.
  • This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and number needed to screen (NNS) for CSIs in geriatric patients with head trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and risk factors of cervical spine injuries (CSIs) in geriatric patients following head trauma.
  • To calculate the number needed to screen (NNS) for CSIs in this population.
  • To evaluate the clinical utility of routine cervical spine CT imaging in conjunction with cranial CT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients aged 65 years or older who presented to a level I trauma center.
  • Inclusion criteria: head impact, undergoing both cranial CT (cCT) and cervical spine CT.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, injury details, and imaging findings.

Main Results:

  • CSIs were identified in 5.5% of 2157 geriatric patients, with 10.9% requiring surgery.
  • Risk factors for CSI included female gender, pre-existing dementia, admission via resuscitation room, and intracranial bleeding.
  • The NNS to detect a CSI was approximately 18 for older adults, and 166 for detecting CSIs requiring operation.

Conclusions:

  • Concomitant CSIs are frequent in geriatric patients with head trauma.
  • Routine cervical spine CT imaging should be considered when cCT is indicated for head trauma in the elderly.
  • The low NNS supports the broader implementation of routine cervical spine CT to improve patient outcomes and prevent complications.