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Unravelling the Contribution of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Genotype-Phenotype to Pterygium Risk
Hung-Chih Chen1,2,3, Ning-Yi Hsia4, Chung-Lin Tsai5
1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Cancer Genomics & Proteomics
|March 2, 2026
Summary
The Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) rs3025058 polymorphism is linked to increased pterygium risk, particularly the 5A allele. This finding suggests MMP-3 rs3025058 may be a genetic biomarker for pterygium susceptibility.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Pterygium is an ocular disease involving extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.
- Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is crucial for ECM modulation and implicated in pterygium progression.
- Genetic factors influencing pterygium risk, specifically MMP-3 polymorphisms, remain underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MMP-3 gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing pterygium.
- To identify potential genetic biomarkers for pterygium susceptibility in a Taiwanese population.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based case-control study was conducted.
- Genotyping of five MMP-3 polymorphisms (rs3025058, rs522616, rs591058, rs650108, rs679620) was performed.
- 160 pterygium cases and 320 matched controls were analyzed.
Main Results:
- The MMP-3 rs3025058 5A allele was significantly associated with elevated pterygium risk (OR=1.94).
- Individuals with 5A/6A and 5A/5A genotypes showed increased risk (1.66-fold and 4.36-fold, respectively).
- The 5A/5A genotype was particularly linked to higher risk in older individuals (≥60 years) and correlated with increased MMP-3 expression.
Conclusions:
- MMP-3 rs3025058 may function as a genetic biomarker for predicting pterygium susceptibility.
- This polymorphism potentially contributes to ECM dysregulation and disease progression in pterygium.
- Further research is warranted to explore the clinical utility of MMP-3 rs3025058 in pterygium management.
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