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Recent advances in ROS-modulating materials for sepsis treatment.

Xin Wang Mo1, Dong Kwang Min1, Jaeyun Kim2

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in sepsis. This review explores ROS-modulating materials and therapies, including ROS-generating and scavenging systems, for improved sepsis treatment.

Keywords:
AntibacterialAntioxidantROS modulationSepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Sepsis involves uncontrolled immune responses and dysregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.
  • While moderate ROS are crucial for immune function, excessive ROS cause oxidative damage and organ failure.
  • Nanomaterials offer novel strategies to modulate ROS dynamics for sepsis management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in ROS-modulating materials for sepsis treatment.
  • To discuss ROS-generating and ROS-scavenging systems, including extracorporeal hemoperfusion.
  • To analyze their mechanisms, targeting, therapeutic potential, and translational challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ROS-modulating materials and therapies in sepsis.
  • Analysis of ROS-generating nanomaterials (nanozymes, photosensitizers, sonosensitizers).
  • Evaluation of ROS-scavenging materials (enzymes, nanozymes, polyphenols) and hemoperfusion.

Main Results:

  • ROS-generating materials precisely eliminate pathogens and combat antibiotic resistance.
  • ROS-scavenging materials restore redox balance and protect tissues from oxidative stress.
  • Extracorporeal hemoperfusion offers continuous ROS removal from the bloodstream.

Conclusions:

  • ROS-modulating materials present a promising therapeutic avenue for sepsis.
  • Balancing ROS generation and scavenging is key to effective sepsis treatment.
  • Further research is needed to address biocompatibility and translational challenges for clinical application.