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Liquid crystal-based biosensors for clinical diagnostics.

Qamar Abuhassan1, Jamal I Al-Nabulsi2, Subbulakshmi Ganesan3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
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Summary

Liquid crystal (LC) biosensors offer sensitive, label-free detection of disease biomarkers. This review explores LC biosensor principles, applications in diagnosing cancer, diabetes, and infections, and future commercial potential.

Keywords:
BiomarkerBiosensorsLabel-free sensingLiquid crystal

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optics

Background:

  • Liquid crystals (LCs) exhibit unique optical properties sensitive to molecular interactions.
  • LC-based biosensors leverage LC orientation changes upon biomarker binding for signal transduction.
  • Existing diagnostic methods face challenges in sensitivity, cost, and speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of LC-based biosensor technology.
  • To examine the fundamental principles, materials science, and optical detection methods of LC biosensors.
  • To discuss the applications, advancements, and future potential of LC biosensors in clinical diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental LC materials science and optical detection principles.
  • Analysis of LC biosensor applications for detecting cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders, and infectious agents.
  • Discussion of recent advancements in detecting proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules.

Main Results:

  • LC biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and label-free detection capabilities.
  • Biomolecular binding events effectively perturb LC orientation, generating detectable optical signals.
  • LC biosensors show promise for early and accurate disease diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • LC biosensors represent a versatile and powerful platform for biomarker detection.
  • Advancements in LC biosensor design enhance sensitivity and enable label-free diagnostics.
  • Significant potential exists for the future development and commercialization of LC biosensors in diagnostics.