Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) presenting as asymptomatic leukocytosis in pregnancy

Sowmya Koteshwara1, Krishna Madhuri Gadde2, Mahesh Rajashekaraiah3

  • 1OBG, JSS ACCADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, Mysuru, Karnataka, India sowmyak@jssuni.edu.in.

BMJ Case Reports
|March 4, 2026
PubMed

Although mild leukocytosis is common in pregnancy, markedly elevated counts warrant prompt evaluation to exclude pathological causes such as infections and leukaemia. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a chronic myeloproliferative condition increasingly being seen in younger age groups.Here we report a woman in her early 30s with asymptomatic marked leukocytosis at term, subsequently diagnosed with CML. As she was near term, she was managed conservatively through delivery before initiation of definitive therapy postpartum. This case underscores the importance of baseline and serial leucocyte monitoring in pregnancy and highlights the unique therapeutic challenges of managing CML during pregnancy.