Goniotomy and phacogoniotomy in glaucoma surgery.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Glaucoma Surgery
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Goniotomy (GT) and ab interno trabeculotomy enhance aqueous humor outflow by incising the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal.
• These procedures, including combined phacogoniotomy, offer an alternative to traditional glaucoma surgeries and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) devices.
• Their adoption is increasing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to the use of non-device-dependent instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical applications of Goniotomy (GT) and phacogoniotomy.
• To summarize current evidence on the efficacy and safety of these glaucoma surgical techniques.
• To explore future directions for GT and phacogoniotomy in glaucoma management.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed.
• Searched for studies on Goniotomy (GT) and phacogoniotomy.
• Synthesized available evidence on clinical use and outcomes.

Main Results:

• Goniotomy (GT) and phacogoniotomy are effective in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP).
• These procedures demonstrate favorable safety profiles.
• They are applicable to glaucoma patients across all age groups.

Conclusions:

• Goniotomy (GT) and phacogoniotomy represent valuable and widely adopted surgical options for glaucoma.
• Their accessibility in LMICs highlights their importance in global glaucoma care.
• Further research may refine their application and expand their role in comprehensive glaucoma management.