Immunoexpression of Cyclin D1, P53 and Ki67 in prostatic acinar adenocarcinomas

Prostate cancer continues to be a health problem by epidemiological indicators, despite prevention and detection programs and advanced knowledge of molecular biology. Acinar forms are the most common and constitute a tumor group with a relatively good prognosis, but sometimes unpredictable compared to the associated histopathological (HP) parameters. Among the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor cell proliferation is the disruption of the cell cycle, and the evaluation of the expression of key proteins involved can assist the histological stratification of cases. The study investigated the immunoexpression of Cyclin D1, P53 and Ki67 in 55 prostatic acinar adenocarcinomas (PAAs), in relation to the HP prognostic parameters of the lesions. High reaction scores expressed as positivity index (PI) indicated the significant association of the three markers with increased grading groups recommended by International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP), perineural and lymphovascular invasion. P53 PI and Ki67 PI were significantly or at the limit of significance increased in conventional and colloidal PAA, and in the case of P53 and in addition in advanced stages. Analysis of the effective values of the reactions indicated significant positive linear correlations between the investigated immunomarkers. The reactions were variable in a relatively homogeneous group of PAA and although they were generally associated with aggressive HP behavior, they seem useful in the punctual identification of cases that require a particular management, in the context of specific oncological therapy.