ZebRack: A budget-friendly mobile system for short-term zebrafish housing

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a popular model organism in developmental biology, but the high costs of commercial housing systems often limit accessibility for resource-constrained research and educational purposes. Here, we introduce ZebRack, an open-source, budget-friendly mobile zebrafish housing system designed to support autonomous maintenance and breeding during short term periods. Built for under US$900, this modular 15-tank setup features 2.8 L tanks integrated into a compact, mobile framework with recirculating water filtration and adjustable flow rates. The system prioritizes cost-efficiency through off-the-shelf hardware and components while ensuring water quality via a three-stage filtration process (mechanical, biological, and chemical). Temperature is precisely controlled using a submersible water heater and can be complemented with a portable air conditioning unit to maintain optimal conditions. ZebRack demonstrated robust performance in a proof-of-principle trial during the 2025 International Developmental Biology Course in Quintay, Chile. Operated within an indoor culture tent, the system enabled daily embryo production via an integrated electric photoperiod system to synchronize breeding cycles. The modular design of ZebRack allows for quick setup and configuration, accommodating diverse experimental or teaching needs, while its portability and small footprint make it ideal for laboratories with limited space or temporary setups. By combining affordability with open-access design specifications, validated thermal stability, and field-tested breeding efficiency, this system adds flexibility to current zebrafish husbandry infrastructure. Detailed assembly guides and part lists are freely available to promote global adoption, fostering equitable access to zebrafish-based research and education.