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Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

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A Phase 1 Prognostic Trial for Predicting Paediatric Allergy Using the Placenta at Birth.

Vicki L Clifton1, Zarqa Saif1, Ana Patricia Balbon2,3

  • 1Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Placental gene expression can help predict childhood allergies. Specific glucocorticoid-regulated genes show promise in identifying children unlikely to develop allergies, aiding early intervention.

Keywords:
allergychildrenclinical trialglucocorticoidsplacenta

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology and immunology
  • Pediatric allergy research
  • Genomic medicine

Background:

  • Allergy is a common childhood non-communicable disease, necessitating early risk identification for intervention.
  • Allergic disease origins are linked to early developmental events, including prenatal and early childhood exposures.
  • Previous research identified associations between placental glucocorticoid-regulated genes and child allergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of using placental glucocorticoid-regulated mRNA profiles to predict childhood allergy risk.
  • To determine if placental gene expression can serve as a biomarker for allergic susceptibility in children.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of placental samples from two Australian populations (South Australia, n=105; Victoria, n=261).
  • Quantification of glucocorticoid-regulated genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
  • Statistical modeling, including random forest analysis, performed using R (version 4.4.1).

Main Results:

  • Top predictive genes identified: AFF1, ARID5B, IER3, ATF4, and SLC19A2.
  • The best random forest model achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.664, indicating moderate predictive ability.
  • Glucocorticoid-regulated genes demonstrated higher efficacy in identifying children who would not develop allergies.

Conclusions:

  • Placental glucocorticoid-regulated genes hold significant predictive value for allergy risk, particularly for identifying non-allergic individuals.
  • The study provides evidence of distinct transcriptional profiles in placentae of allergic versus nonallergic children.
  • These findings support the placenta as a key site for understanding and potentially predicting early-onset allergic diseases.