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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Nocturnal Enuresis Among Children Aged 6-14 Years in Mogadishu: A

Arif Sayid Ali Mayow1, Abdifatah Hassan Elmi1, Mahad Sadik Mukhtar2

  • 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, Al Hayat Medical University, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
|March 9, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Nocturnal enuresis (NE) affects 31.9% of children in Mogadishu, Somalia. Key risk factors include younger age, male sex, low parental education, and medical issues like constipation and UTIs, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common childhood condition with multifactorial causes including genetics, developmental delays, and behavioral factors.
  • Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of NE is crucial for developing effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children aged 6-14 years in Mogadishu, Somalia.
  • To identify sociodemographic, behavioral, and medical factors associated with NE in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 320 children attending pediatric outpatient departments.
  • Data collection via structured questionnaires administered to caregivers, followed by logistic regression analysis.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of NE was 31.9%.
  • Significant associated factors included younger age (6-8 years), male sex, low parental education, pre-bedtime fluid intake, psychosocial stress, constipation, urinary tract infections, and a positive family history of NE.
  • Deep sleep was found to be a protective factor (AOR = 0.170).

Conclusions:

  • Nocturnal enuresis is highly prevalent in Mogadishu children, linked to various risk factors.
  • Findings underscore the importance of early screening, parental education, and tailored interventions for NE management.
  • Further multi-center and qualitative research is recommended for a comprehensive understanding and improved care in Somalia.
Abstract

Keywords:
UTIdepressionencopresismaturational delaymood disordersnocturnal enuresisurinary tract infection

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