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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

Intraclass correlation in cluster randomized controlled trials for anxiety disorders: Evidence from a meta-analysis.

Binukumar Bhaskarapillai¹, Palash Kumar Malo², M Thomas Kishore³

¹Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

|March 9, 2026

Summary

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) for anxiety disorders have a pooled intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.05. This meta-analysis highlights low compliance with reporting standards, offering a reference for future sample size calculations in CRTs.

Keywords:

Anxiety disorders and CONSORT cluster randomized trials intraclass correlation meta-analysis

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Clinical Psychology
Biostatistics
Psychiatric Research

Background:

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) minimize intervention contamination but can reduce statistical efficiency.
Compliance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for reporting intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) in CRTs is suboptimal.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the pooled intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for cluster randomized trials (CRTs) focused on anxiety disorders.
To provide a benchmark for sample size calculations in future CRTs within this domain.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search identified 23 studies for meta-analysis.
The DerSimonian and Laird inverse variance method was employed to calculate pooled ICC estimates.
Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression test.

Main Results:

The pooled ICC for CRTs on anxiety disorders was 0.05 (95% CI: 0.04-0.06), with substantial heterogeneity observed.
A significant difference was not found between ICCs reported at the design stage versus post-intervention.
Funnel plot asymmetry indicated potential publication bias, although Egger's test did not reveal small-study effects (P = 0.913).

Conclusions:

Adherence to CONSORT recommendations for ICC reporting in CRTs for anxiety disorders was approximately two-thirds.
The calculated pooled ICC serves as a valuable reference for determining appropriate sample sizes in upcoming CRTs for anxiety disorders.