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Optical skyrmionic patterns emerge in light polarization through engineered dielectric devices. These textures reveal topological Chern insulator properties and enable simulations of quantum Hall effects in synthetic optical lattices.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Metamaterials

Background:

  • Skyrmionic patterns in optical fields are a recent development in photonics.
  • Engineered dielectric devices with space-dependent optic axis orientation offer new platforms for optical phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of skyrmionic patterns in polarization eigenstates of light propagating through engineered dielectric devices.
  • To explore the connection between these skyrmionic textures and topological properties, specifically Chern insulators.
  • To demonstrate the realization of an all-optical quantum Hall effect.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing flat dielectric devices with engineered, space-dependent optic axis orientation.
  • Modeling light propagation in two-dimensional periodic structures as quantum dynamics on a synthetic optical lattice.
  • Employing machine learning for reconstruction of polarization eigenmodes.
  • Experimentally validating concepts using tunable liquid-crystal metasurfaces.

Main Results:

  • Observed skyrmionic textures in polarization eigenstates of light.
  • Demonstrated that these eigenstates exhibit the topology of a Chern insulator.
  • Identified device parameter configurations leading to topologically nontrivial bands and skyrmionic eigenpolarization textures.
  • Extracted local observables like Berry curvature and quantum metric.
  • Numerically simulated an all-optical quantum Hall effect.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered dielectric devices can host skyrmionic polarization textures, analogous to topological phases in condensed matter.
  • These systems provide a platform for simulating quantum phenomena, including the quantum Hall effect, using light.
  • The study validates the use of photonic systems for exploring topological physics and quantum dynamics.