Panoramic description of ROS-based nanotechnology for osteomyelitis therapy: Challenges, opportunities, and prospects
Wenqiao Wang1, Xiaoying Kong2, Jinsheng Shi3
1Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266700, China.
Abstract:
Osteomyelitis, an inflammatory disease of bone and bone marrow caused by infectious microorganisms, has long been a major clinical challenge due to the lack of consistently effective treatment strategies. Conventional therapeutic approaches, such as antibiotic therapy and surgical debridement, are frequently associated with the development of antibiotic resistance and a high risk of disease recurrence, thereby complicating long-term clinical management. In recent years, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based nanotechnology has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for osteomyelitis, garnering considerable attention for the potential to overcome antibiotic resistance. This review summarizes the epidemiological characteristics, current treatment approaches, and pathogenic mechanisms of osteomyelitis, and comprehensively examines advances in ROS nanotechnologies for osteomyelitis treatment. In addition, the technical advantages and limitations of major ROS-based strategies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT), are systematically discussed to provide guidance for further optimization of ROS-mediated strategies. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of these strategies in antimicrobial activity, promotion of tissue repair, and immune regulation is analyzed, offering theoretical support for the integration of ROS-based strategies with existing treatment modalities for improved management of osteomyelitis.
Insights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based nanotechnology offers a promising new approach to treating osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone. This review explores ROS nanotechnologies to overcome antibiotic resistance and improve bone repair.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Osteomyelitis presents a significant clinical challenge due to ineffective treatments and rising antibiotic resistance.
- Conventional therapies like antibiotics and surgery often lead to recurrence and resistance.
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based nanotechnology is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and current treatments for osteomyelitis.
- To examine advances in ROS nanotechnologies for osteomyelitis treatment.
- To analyze the potential of ROS-based strategies in antimicrobial activity, tissue repair, and immune regulation.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of osteomyelitis and ROS nanotechnologies.
- Systematic discussion of ROS-based strategies: photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and microwave dynamic therapy (MWDT).
- Analysis of technical advantages, limitations, and therapeutic potential of major ROS-based strategies.
Main Results:
- ROS nanotechnologies show potential to overcome antibiotic resistance in osteomyelitis.
- Various ROS-based therapies (PDT, SDT, CDT, MWDT) have distinct advantages and limitations.
- These strategies demonstrate promise in antimicrobial effects, promoting bone tissue repair, and modulating immune responses.
Conclusions:
- ROS-based nanotechnologies represent a promising frontier for osteomyelitis treatment, offering alternatives to conventional methods.
- Further optimization of ROS-mediated strategies is needed for enhanced clinical application.
- Integrating ROS-based approaches with existing treatments could significantly improve osteomyelitis management.
