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Energy-Controllable Manipulation on Surface Waves and Propagating Waves by Bifunctional Metasurfaces.

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  • 1Department of Applied Physics Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|March 9, 2026
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Summary

This study presents a novel metasurface design that simultaneously controls propagating waves (PWs) and surface waves (SWs) using a single device. This breakthrough simplifies integrated optics by enabling tailored control over both far- and near-field electromagnetic waves.

Keywords:
energy controllablefar‐fieldmetasurfacenear‐fieldsurface wave

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Metamaterials
  • Electromagnetics and Wave Phenomena
  • Integrated Optics

Background:

  • Controlling propagating waves (PWs) and surface waves (SWs) typically requires separate devices, hindering integrated optics.
  • Existing metasurfaces for simultaneous PW and SW control often rely on complex dynamic helicity variations of circularly polarized (CP) light.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a metasurface design capable of simultaneously controlling PWs and SWs.
  • To overcome the limitations of separate devices and complex control mechanisms in current integrated optics.
  • To enable tailored manipulation of both far-field and near-field electromagnetic waves on a single platform.

Main Methods:

  • Designing metasurfaces encoded with both resonance and geometric phases.
  • Utilizing co- and cross-polarized output channels under CP light excitation.
  • Experimentally realizing microwave metadevices for converting left circular polarization (LCP) beams.
  • Numerically demonstrating energy distribution control in output channels.

Main Results:

  • Successful experimental realization of two microwave metadevices.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous control of PWs and SWs with predetermined wavefronts from LCP incident beams.
  • Numerical validation of designing metadevices with specific energy distributions for PWs and SWs.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed metasurface design offers a simplified and integrated approach to control both PWs and SWs.
  • This work paves the way for ultra-compact platforms for manipulating electromagnetic waves in both far- and near-fields.
  • The findings have significant implications for future applications in integrated optics and advanced photonic devices.