Protocol for iterative indirect immunofluorescence imaging of frozen mouse intestinal tissues

Shuji Matsuguchi1, Aiyan Yau1, Ayaka Omori1

  • 1Laboratory for Quantitative Biology of Cell Fate Decision, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 2-2-3, Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.

STAR Protocols
|March 9, 2026
PubMed

Here, we present a protocol for iterative indirect immunofluorescence imaging (4i) of frozen tissues (Cryo-4i). We describe the steps for mouse intestinal sample preparation and antibody elution with standard reagents. Avoiding antibody conjugation or specialized equipment makes this protocol cost-effective and accessible. It requires two days for setup and one day per imaging round; five rounds allow multiplexed detection of 10 markers in a single section. We also detail procedures for using a MATLAB-based pipeline which enables quantitative single-cell analysis.

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