Risk Factors for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei in Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms: A Single-Center Experience

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) are rare tumors with malignant potential.
• Progression to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a significant concern.
• Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate clinicopathological factors associated with PMP development in AMN patients.
• To analyze data from a tertiary care hospital in Mexico.
• To inform surgical and follow-up strategies.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 30 patients with confirmed AMNs (2018-2023).
• Analysis of clinical, surgical, histological, and laboratory variables.
• Bivariate analyses and logistic regression to identify risk factors for PMP.

Main Results:

• Appendiceal perforation was the sole significant factor associated with PMP development (OR: 0.090, p=0.031).
• Absence of perforation correlated with substantially lower odds of PMP.
• Non-LAMN histological subtypes showed a trend towards association (p=0.076).

Conclusions:

• Appendiceal perforation is the primary predictor of PMP in this AMN cohort.
• Early identification of perforation can guide surgical decisions.
• Findings support individualized postoperative surveillance for PMP risk stratification.