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Research on active collision avoidance control technology for intelligent connected monorail transit trains in the
Zhongwei Hou1,2, Han Liang3, Guang Yang1,2
1Institute of Future Civil Engineering Science and Technology, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China.
Plos One
|March 10, 2026
Summary
Intelligent connected monorail transit systems use virtual coupling (VC) for efficiency. This study introduces active collision avoidance control to prevent rear-end collisions in VC operations, enhancing urban rail safety.
Area of Science:
- Intelligent Transportation Systems
- Control Engineering
- Urban Rail Transit
Background:
- Urban rail transit systems face challenges with passenger flow and capacity mismatches.
- Virtual coupling (VC) technology dynamically adjusts train configurations to improve resource utilization.
- VC operations are susceptible to safety risks like rear-end collisions due to communication delays or obstacles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate an active collision avoidance control strategy for intelligent connected monorail vehicles operating in a VC environment.
- To address safety risks associated with communication delays and unexpected obstacles during VC operations.
- To enhance the flexibility and safety of intelligent rail transit systems.
Main Methods:
- Developed a control model for virtual coupling between leading and following vehicles.
- Analyzed dynamic characteristics of typical VC scenarios (coupling, decoupling).
- Investigated collision avoidance behaviors using Model Predictive Control (MPC) for accelerated departures, decelerated arrivals, and obstacle encounters.
Main Results:
- The proposed Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm enables efficient coordination and proactive collision avoidance.
- Simulations on Chongqing Rail Transit Line 3 validated the model and algorithm under representative scenarios.
- Demonstrated significant improvements in system flexibility and safety for intelligent rail transit.
Conclusions:
- The developed active collision avoidance control strategy effectively mitigates safety risks in virtual coupling operations.
- The study provides a technical foundation for the practical implementation of intelligent connected monorail transit systems.
- The research highlights the potential of advanced control strategies to enhance the safety and efficiency of urban rail networks.
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