Abrasion-resistant wearable skins based on bilayered solid/liquid stretchable conductors

Soft bioelectronic skins represent next-generation wearable technologies for continuous and unobtrusive biomonitoring, enabled by diverse active materials and topological designs. Despite encouraging progress, most wearable skins reported to date remain unable to match the abrasion-resistant sensing functions of human skin. Here, we present abrasion-resistant wearable skins based on a bilayer stretchable conductor architecture. The top layer, composed of silver particle (AgPs)-impregnated styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), provides superior abrasion resistance, while the underlying layer of liquid metal particle (LMPs)-impregnated SEBS ensures high conductivity under large strains (ε > 900%). While being ultrathin (13.3 µm), the bilayer wearable skins could deliver exceptional durability under extreme mechanical and chemical demands, maintaining electromechanical stability during repeated abrasion, large deformations, and exposure to strong acidic/alkaline environments. They reliably capture high-fidelity mechanical and electrophysiological signals in abrasion-intensive scenarios, such as skin-cloth friction and facial rubbing. Finally, we demonstrate a soft, multimodal system for pressure and biopotential monitoring, enabling applications in braille recognition and facial expression detection with 98.75% prediction accuracy.