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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

NMR-Based Fragment Screening in a Minimum Sample but Maximum Automation Mode
Published on: June 4, 2021
Minimizing in Source Fragmentation for Mass Spectrometry Based NDSRI Analytical Procedures: A Case Study of
Jinhui Zhang1, Mack Shih2, Jingyue Yang2
1Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA. Jinhui.Zhang@fda.hhs.gov.
None:
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the standard instrumental procedure for quantitating nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities (NDSRIs) due to its superior specificity and sensitivity. Electrospray (ESI) is the most used ionization source in LC-MS. However, analytes can undergo fragmentation directly within the ESI source before reaching the collision cell. This phenomenon is known as in source fragmentation (ISF). To our knowledge, the impact of ISF on analytical procedure performance for NDSRI measurements has not been explored. Thus, here, we present a case study on an NDSRI (nitroso-bumetanide) to illustrate how efforts can be taken during analytical procedure development to minimize ISF while still achieving the analytical target profile (ATP) measurement goals. In addition, we share some thoughts about incorporating risk assessment and leveraging prior knowledge for analytical procedure development for NDSRI LC-MS technology-based testing purposes.
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