Efficient Multi-Fidelity Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling for Pulsatile Blood Flow in Deformable Biological...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Computational Mechanics
• Medical Device Development

Background:

• Simulating tissue deformation and altered blood flow from external compression typically requires computationally intensive fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis.
• Existing methods pose significant computational challenges for dynamic external pressure simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and present a multi-fidelity FSI framework for efficient simulation of tissue mechanics and hemodynamics under dynamic external pressure.
• To demonstrate the framework's applicability to compression therapy and related biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

• Coupled a 1D deformable blood flow model with the 3D Cauchy equation of motion for fluid-structure interaction (FSI).
• Validated the multi-fidelity model against full FSI solutions in simplified and subject-specific geometries.
• Applied the framework to simulate intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC).

Main Results:

• The multi-fidelity FSI model accurately reproduced tissue deformation and hemodynamic changes with minimal flow-rate and pressure errors (<1% and <2% respectively).
• Achieved significant computational cost reductions: 9x in cylindrical and 46x in subject-specific geometries compared to full 3D FSI.
• Successfully captured dynamic IPC behavior over extended temporal scales.

Conclusions:

• The developed multi-fidelity FSI framework offers an efficient and accurate platform for simulating responses to external pressure.
• Enables large-scale parametric and optimization studies, with potential to enhance compression therapy device design and biomedical modeling.
• Supports broader applications in medical device development and clinical research.