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Publication Trends in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Bibliometric Analysis
Fahmi H Kakamad1, Azad S Hattam2, Saywan K Asaad3
1Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Annals of Vascular Surgery
|March 11, 2026
Summary
Recent Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) research shows a focus on surgical management and neurogenic TOS, primarily from the United States. The study highlights a need for higher-quality, collaborative research in this field.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Neurosurgery
- Bibliometrics
Background:
- Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) comprises neurogenic, arterial, and venous disorders due to neurovascular compression.
- Despite growing clinical interest, recent research trends in TOS require contemporary evaluation.
- This study offers a bibliometric analysis of TOS publications to identify research trends and gaps.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a bibliometric analysis of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) publications from 2024-2025.
- To identify authorship, geographic origin, journal distribution, and thematic trends in recent TOS research.
- To pinpoint research gaps and inform future study directions in TOS.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional bibliometric analysis of English-language journal articles on TOS published in 2024 and 2025 was performed.
- Data were extracted on publication type, journal, author characteristics, geographic origin, and research focus.
- Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the collected data.
Main Results:
- 219 articles were analyzed, with a predominance of case reports (32.88%) and studies on neurogenic TOS (44.29%).
- Vascular surgery journals published 22.83% of the articles, with surgical management being the primary focus (30.14%).
- The United States led publications (36.33%), and international collaboration was limited (9.59%).
Conclusions:
- Recent TOS research is dominated by low-level evidence and a strong surgical focus.
- Vascular surgeons are leading contributors to the literature, with the United States as the primary source of publications.
- There is a clear need for higher-quality, collaborative research to advance the understanding and management of TOS.
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