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Robotics in Surgery: A Modular Robotic Platform Driven Gastric Wedge Resection

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Remote robotic surgery: a systematic review.

Yi Liu¹, Zhiping Ma¹, Pei Liu¹

¹First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.

Surgical Endoscopy

|March 12, 2026

Summary

Remote robotic surgery shows promise for expanding healthcare access, despite challenges in network stability and cost. Further research and standardized protocols are needed to advance its clinical practice and global impact.

Keywords:

Human Remote Robotic surgery Systematic review

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Area of Science:

Medical Technology
Surgical Innovation
Telemedicine

Background:

Remote robotic surgery integrates robotics and telecommunications for remote surgical procedures.
It aims to overcome geographical barriers and improve access to specialized surgical care.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the clinical effectiveness, safety, technical feasibility, and challenges of remote robotic surgery.
Focus areas include communication technology, ethics, and cost across various surgical specialties.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature review was conducted using major databases (PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, etc.) from 2001 to 2025.
Quality assessment of retrieved literature was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools.

Main Results:

26 articles (13 English, 13 Chinese) were included, covering general surgery, gynecology, orthopedics, urology, and thyroid surgery.
Remote robotic surgery demonstrated good safety and high success rates with controllable latency, though operation times were slightly longer.
Key challenges include network stability, high equipment costs, data privacy, ethical concerns, and potential publication bias due to limited reporting of adverse events.

Conclusions:

Remote robotic surgery holds significant potential for overcoming healthcare access limitations, particularly in underserved regions.
Current evidence quality is low, necessitating standardized safety protocols, international registration, and collaborative networks.
Technological advancements are expected to increase its role in global healthcare delivery.