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Grand Challenges and Opportunities in Stimulated Dynamic and Resonant Catalysis
Matteo Monai1, Wiebke Albrecht2, Achim Alkemper3
1Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands.
ACS Catalysis
|March 12, 2026
Summary
Dynamic catalysts use external stimuli to overcome traditional limits in chemical reactions. This approach allows for programmable control over reaction pathways, enhancing both reaction rate and selectivity for improved chemical transformations.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Traditional heterogeneous catalysis faces limitations due to kinetic and thermodynamic constraints like the Sabatier principle.
- Steady-state conditions restrict catalyst performance, hindering optimal reaction rates and selectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of dynamic and resonant catalysts to overcome limitations in traditional heterogeneous catalysis.
- To introduce novel characterization techniques and strategies for advancing dynamic catalysis.
Main Methods:
- Surveying the current state of dynamic catalysis research.
- Introducing "stimulando" characterization for observing transient dynamics.
- Outlining modeling, mechanistic, and benchmarking strategies for dynamic catalysts.
Main Results:
- Dynamic catalysts actively oscillate physical or electronic structures during the catalytic cycle.
- External stimuli (temperature, light, etc.) perturb catalyst surfaces to alter adsorbate binding and transition states.
- This dynamic control enables programmable pathways for improved reaction rates and selectivity.
Conclusions:
- Dynamic catalysis offers a promising route beyond steady-state limitations.
- Further development in "stimulando" characterization, modeling, and mechanistic studies is crucial.
- Advancements in dynamic catalysis can lead to significantly improved chemical transformations.
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