In Vivo T-Cell Engineering: Revolution in Delivery Strategies and Clinical Translation

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Biotechnology
• Oncology

Background:

• Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is effective for blood cancers but faces challenges in traditional ex vivo engineering.
• Ex vivo T-cell engineering is time-consuming, costly, and difficult to control.
• In vivo T-cell engineering emerges as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the technical development and applications of in vivo T-cell engineering.
• To focus on innovations in delivery systems for in vivo T-cell engineering.
• To analyze therapeutic candidates and their efficacy and safety profiles.

Main Methods:

• Review of viral vector platforms and RNA-based platforms for in vivo T-cell engineering.
• Analysis of delivery platforms for therapeutic candidates.
• Discussion of preclinical and clinical data on efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

• In vivo T-cell engineering reduces costs and increases scalability compared to ex vivo methods.
• Viral vector and RNA-based platforms show advancements in delivery systems.
• Therapeutic candidates demonstrate potential in animal models and clinical applications.

Conclusions:

• In vivo T-cell engineering presents immense therapeutic potential across various diseases.
• Challenges remain in solid tumor targeting, precise regulation, and manufacturing.
• Continued development of in vivo programming strategies is crucial for future cell therapies.