Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 14, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
Published on: April 23, 2019
Enhancing U.S. poison center surveillance with verbatim substance upload
James B Leonard1, Kaitlyn Brown2, Jonathan M Colvin3
1Washington Poison Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Introduction:
America's Poison Centers National Poison Data system® is a widely respected databased crucial for identification of evolving drug and toxic exposure trends. This database has been used for real time surveillance for about 25 years. Surveillance has historically been heavily dependent on coding, but updates including the addition of verbatim substance to the database can enhance the surveillance tool.
Methods:
We queried the National Poison Data System® for exposures including kratom from January 1, 2023 through July 31, 2025 and reviewed the uploaded verbatim substance to identify exposures of 7-hydroxymitragynine. We compared this to the exposures identified by product code.
Results:
There were 186 exposures to 7-hydroxymitragynine. Most (n = 149) were identified by a product code, but an additional 37 had originally been associated only with kratom and were identified as 7-hydroxymitragynine by substance verbatim. Additionally, 7-hydroxymitragynine was identified by verbatim in November of 2024 whereas the product code was implemented in February 2025.
Discussion:
Reviewing uploaded substance verbatim was able to identify 7-hydroxymitragynine exposures earlier (November 2024 versus February 2025) and captured an additional 20% of exposures.
Conclusion:
The addition of substance verbatim field, when combined with other tools may help enhance surveillance performed using the National Poison Data System®.
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