[Research progress in preserved ratio impaired spirometry and its association with cardiovascular disease]

Preserved ratio impaired spirometry(PRISm) is a pulmonary function pattern characterized by a normal forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) ratio, but a reduced FEV₁. It is often considered an early or preclinical stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent studies have demonstrated a strong association between PRISm and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with significantly increased risks of CVD comorbidity and mortality. This review synthesizes the clinical features of PRISm, its association with CVD, and potential shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Additionally, it summarizes current strategies for risk identification and clinical management. Current research on PRISm and its associated cardiovascular diseases is still limited, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced multidisciplinary collaboration and mechanistic investigations to inform the development of early interventions and personalized management strategies.