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Cell-Cell Adhesion as a Double-Edged Sword in Tissue Fluidity.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Cell-cell adhesion influences collective cell migration through distinct energetic and dissipative components. Increasing adhesion energy promotes movement, while increasing dissipation causes jamming, impacting tissue fluidity and rigidity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Theoretical Biology

Background:

  • Cell migration is crucial for development, wound healing, and cancer metastasis.
  • Cell-cell adhesion influences cell morphology and force balance, but its dynamic contributions to tissue behavior are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the dissipative nature of cell-cell adhesion in tissue dynamics and collective migration.
  • To elucidate the interplay between energetic and dissipative components of adhesion in regulating cell movement and tissue mechanics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an extended vertex model incorporating explicit junctional viscosity.
  • Performed linear rheological analysis to study tissue viscoelastic behavior.

Main Results:

  • Identified two adhesion components: interfacial adhesion energy (rate-independent) and dissipative adhesion (rate-dependent).
  • Demonstrated that increased energetic adhesion promotes migration by altering cell shape and facilitating neighbor exchanges.
  • Showed that increased dissipative adhesion leads to jamming and suppressed cell motion.
  • Revealed power-law viscoelastic behavior in unjammed tissues, with adhesion modulating relaxation timescales.

Conclusions:

  • Adhesion has a dual role in governing tissue mechanics and rheology.
  • Provided a mechanistic framework for understanding the balance between tissue fluidity and rigidity.
  • Highlighted the importance of considering both energetic and dissipative aspects of cell-cell adhesion in collective cell migration.