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Frame effects across space and time.

Bernard Marius 't Hart1,2,3, Patrick Cavanagh1,4,5,6,7

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This summary is machine-generated.

The perceived position of objects is influenced by surrounding moving frames, extending spatially but not temporally. This frame effect is driven by displacement, not motion signals, and remains consistent over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • The perception of object position can be influenced by contextual elements, such as surrounding frames.
  • Previous research indicates that moving frames can alter the perceived location of objects within them (Özkan et al., 2021).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel properties of the frame effect on visual perception.
  • To determine the spatial and temporal extent of the frame effect.
  • To elucidate the driving mechanisms behind the frame effect, distinguishing between frame displacement and motion signals.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted eight experiments manipulating moving frames and probe stimuli.
  • Assessed perceived probe positions relative to frame characteristics (e.g., bounding contours, depth, internal texture motion).
  • Examined the temporal dynamics of the frame effect, including pre- and post-stimulus probe presentations.

Main Results:

  • The frame effect's influence on perceived probe position extends several degrees beyond the frame's boundaries, both along and orthogonal to the direction of motion.
  • The effect is robust across different depth planes and persists even when internal frame textures move independently or are static, indicating displacement is key.
  • The frame effect is strictly limited in time, with no influence on probes presented before frame appearance or after frame disappearance.

Conclusions:

  • The perceived position of visual probes is significantly modulated by the spatial displacement of surrounding moving frames.
  • The frame effect is primarily driven by the frame's displacement, not its motion signals or internal texture dynamics.
  • The temporal boundaries of the frame effect are sharply defined, highlighting the dynamic nature of spatial perception.