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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging Approach Based on Micro-CT and Fluorescence Molecular Tomography for Longitudinal Assessment of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice
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Molecular Lung Imaging Following Exposure to Radiation Predicts Long-Term Survival in Rats.

Anne V Clough1,2, Kathrina Mpala3, Pardis Taheri3

  • 1Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Molecular lung imaging and plasma biomarkers can predict long-term survival after radiation exposure. These methods also effectively track the efficacy of radiation-injury mitigators like lisinopril.

Keywords:
99mTc-HMPAO99mTc-duramycinSPECT imaginglisinoprilmitochondrial DAMPsoxidative stresspartial-body irradiationradiation pneumonitis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical imaging
  • Radiation oncology
  • Biomarker discovery

Background:

  • Delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE) manifest weeks to months post-irradiation.
  • Radiation pneumonitis is a significant DEARE, impacting lung function and survival.
  • Early detection of oxidative stress and cell death is crucial for risk stratification and assessing mitigation efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate molecular lung imaging as a predictor of long-term survival following irradiation.
  • To assess the utility of imaging biomarkers in tracking the response to radiation injury mitigation.
  • To investigate plasma mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) as complementary biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Rats received partial-body irradiation (13.5 Gy), with a subset treated with lisinopril.
  • Dual-tracer molecular lung imaging using 99mTc-duramycin (cell death) and 99mTc-HMPAO (oxidative stress) was performed at weeks 2 and 4.
  • Plasma mtDAMPs (ND1/2, ATPase 6/8, D-loop) were measured serially.

Main Results:

  • Irradiated rats showed increased lung uptake of both imaging biomarkers, indicating worsening cell death and oxidative stress.
  • Higher increases in lung biomarkers between weeks 2 and 4 predicted mortality by day 120 with ~70% accuracy.
  • Plasma mtDAMPs increased post-irradiation, with specific patterns differentiating survivors from nonsurvivors.
  • Lisinopril treatment blunted the responses observed in both imaging and mtDAMPs.

Conclusions:

  • Early dual-tracer molecular lung imaging can predict long-term survival after radiation exposure.
  • Molecular imaging and plasma mtDAMPs provide objective measures of radiation injury and mitigation response.
  • These biomarkers offer potential for improved risk stratification and assessment of therapeutic interventions in radiation-induced lung injury.