[Identification of Habitat Quality Sensitive Areas and Their Driving Mechanisms in Yunnan Province Based on...

Accurate identification of habitat quality sensitive areas and analysis of their driving mechanisms is crucial for ecological protection and governance. Traditional methods for identifying sensitive areas primarily rely on static assessments, which fail to consider the dynamic characteristics of habitat quality and its full response to environmental changes. Therefore, this study used Yunnan Province as a case study, employing the InVEST model, Sen's slope estimator, and the Mann-Kendall trend test to evaluate habitat quality and its changing trends from 1990 to 2020. A novel frequency-amplitude sensitivity framework was constructed to identify sensitive areas, followed by an analysis of spatial differentiation characteristics and driving mechanisms using spatial autocorrelation and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD). The results show that from 1990 to 2020, habitat quality was high in the southeast and northwest and low in the east and west of Yunnan Province, with an overall favorable condition. However, habitat quality has shown a significant degradation trend over the past 30 years, with degraded areas accounting for 12.91%, primarily concentrated in economically active regions in central Yunnan and around lakes. Additionally, 59.27% of Yunnan Province was identified as a habitat quality sensitivity area, with H-H clusters concentrated in the central, eastern, and western regions. Shifts in population distribution were identified as the dominant factor affecting habitat quality sensitivity. Moreover, the interaction between population distribution and DEM primarily determined the spatial distribution of habitat quality sensitivity in Yunnan Province. The new method proposed in this study provides an innovative approach for the dynamic assessment and early warning of regional habitat quality. The research findings offer a scientific basis for habitat protection and sustainable development in Yunnan Province and beyond.