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Gallic Acid-Responsive microRNAs Reprogram Lignification During Drought Acclimation Process in Spearmint.

Alessia D'Agostino1, Gabriele Di Marco1, Gerardo Pepe1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.

Plant Biotechnology Journal
|March 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drought stress impacts spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) productivity. Gallic acid (GA) treatment helps spearmint acclimate by modulating microRNAs, balancing lignification, and optimizing xylem function under water deficit.

Keywords:
Mentha spicatamiRNomephytostimulantssecondary cell wall modificationwater deficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is a valuable medicinal herb sensitive to water deficit.
  • Molecular mechanisms of drought acclimation in spearmint are not well understood.
  • Gallic acid (GA) is a potential biostimulant for spearmint.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate microRNA-mediated regulatory processes in spearmint under drought stress (DS).
  • Examine the effects of gallic acid (GA) treatment on drought-stressed spearmint.
  • Understand the role of microRNAs in spearmint's drought tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Small-RNA sequencing to analyze miRNome changes.
  • Drought stress induction and gallic acid treatment application.
  • Analysis of microRNA targets involved in lignin production and plant hormone pathways.

Main Results:

  • Drought stress and GA significantly altered the spearmint miRNome, affecting 35 microRNAs.
  • DS upregulated lignin biosynthesis genes and Laccase activity, altering lignin composition.
  • GA treatment mitigated DS effects, balancing lignification, optimizing xylem function, and regulating phytochemical and hormonal responses.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a crucial role in orchestrating drought acclimation in spearmint.
  • Gallic acid acts as a compensatory agent under water-limiting conditions.
  • GA treatment is a promising strategy to enhance drought tolerance in Lamiaceae crops.