Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 16, 2026
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
Tuberculosis and alcohol use; findings from a subnational TB prevalence survey in India
Giridharan Prathiksha1, Ariarathinam Newtonraj1, Kannan Thiruvengadam1
1ICMR- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.
Background:
Population based surveys are crucial in understanding the relation between alcohol usage and tuberculosis epidemiology.
Methods:
A state-wide population-based large sample size cross-sectional Tuberculosis (TB) survey was conducted in India. Participants from 180 clusters were screened with x-ray and sputum examination.
Results:
In total 130,932 participants were screened. Among the "alcohol-use" population 115(0.6 %) and among non-alcoholics 129(0.12 %) were diagnosed with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (MCPTB). The adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of MCPTB in the alcohol-use population was 4.2(3.24-5.45). The adjusted-PR(aPR) of MCPTB disease in 'alcohol-use' population was significantly associated with increasing age, under nutrition and past history of TB. The aPR for age between 31 and 45 years was 2.85(0.9-8.6); 46-60 years was 6.24(2.3-16.8) and >60 years was 7.77(2.7-21.6). For BMI of 18.50-22.99 was 3.2(1.6-6.2), BMI of 16.50-18.49 was 9.9(4.7-21.1) and BMI of <16.50 was 14.0(6.3-31.5)). For past history of TB was 3.76(2.2-6.5). The number needed to screen to diagnose one participant with MCPTB in the general population was 537 and in 'alcohol-use' group was 168.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of MCPTB in 'alcohol-use' individuals is four times higher when compared to non-alcoholic individuals. Increases in age, undernutrition and past history of PTB were highly associated with MCPTB disease among 'alcohol-use' participants.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:20Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity
Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
The test can identify various pathogens responsible for respiratory infections, including Streptococcus,...