[Research progress on ICU-acquired weakness in patients with sepsis]

Area of Science:

• Critical Care Medicine
• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a frequent complication in sepsis patients.
• It leads to skeletal muscle atrophy, strength loss, and impaired muscle regeneration, impacting respiratory function and patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current research on ICU-AW in sepsis.
• To elucidate its pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies.
• To highlight the clinical significance of ICU-AW in sepsis management.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on ICU-AW and sepsis.
• Analysis of pathogenesis involving inflammation, neuromuscular function, and muscle metabolism.
• Evaluation of diagnostic tools like MMT, HGD, PFIT, and electrophysiological/ultrasound examinations.
• Assessment of treatment modalities including sepsis control, early rehabilitation, and supportive care.

Main Results:

• Complex pathogenesis involves inflammatory dysregulation, neuromuscular disorders, and altered muscle protein turnover.
• Risk factors include patient condition, sepsis severity, mechanical ventilation, sedation, and medications.
• Diagnosis utilizes various clinical and instrumental assessments.
• Treatment requires a multimodal approach, integrating conventional and complementary therapies.

Conclusions:

• ICU-AW significantly impacts sepsis patient outcomes.
• Understanding its pathogenesis and risk factors is key for prevention and management.
• Early detection and intervention are vital for improving short- and long-term prognoses in sepsis survivors.