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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

A Real-time Potency Assay for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Solid and Hematological Cancer Cells
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The versatility of SIRPα: Novel perspectives on tumor microenvironment regulation and targeted therapy beyond the

Yongqi Kang1, Fengying Shi1, Shukai Wu1

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|March 16, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) plays complex roles in cancer immunity, influencing tumor cells and immune cells. Targeting SIRPα offers new avenues for precise, synergistic cancer immunotherapies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is a receptor for CD47, crucial for the "don't-eat-me" signal that facilitates tumor immune escape.
  • SIRPα expression is found on myeloid cells and tumor cells, impacting the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse and context-dependent roles of SIRPα in tumor cells and immune cells.
  • To review novel therapeutic strategies targeting SIRPα for cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on SIRPα function and therapeutic targeting.
  • Analysis of SIRPα's impact on tumor cell behaviors (pyroptosis, metastasis) and immune cell functions (activation, migration, phagocytosis).

Main Results:

  • SIRPα exhibits varied roles in tumor cells, including suppression of pyroptosis, promotion of metastasis, and potential enhancement of T-cell responses.
  • In immune cells like dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, SIRPα modulates critical functions influencing innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Novel SIRPα-targeted therapies, including small molecules, bispecific antibodies, and nanoparticle-based agents, are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • SIRPα's multifaceted roles necessitate a nuanced understanding for effective therapeutic development.
  • Advancements in SIRPα-targeted strategies promise precise and synergistic immunotherapies with significant clinical potential.
Keywords:
CD47ImmunotherapySIRPαTargeted therapyTumor-microenvironment

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