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Nutrition and Handgrip Strength Among Adults in Rural Matlab, Bangladesh.

Gauri Naik1, Victoria Durney1, Emily Gray1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA.

American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
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PubMed
Summary

Iron deficiency, not anemia, is linked to lower handgrip strength in adults. Body mass index also affects strength, particularly in men, highlighting the importance of iron for muscle function.

Keywords:
anemiabody mass indexiron deficiencyphysical fitnessunderweight

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional science
  • Human physiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Handgrip strength (HGS) is a key indicator of overall physical fitness and health.
  • Research on anemia and iron deficiency as HGS predictors is limited, especially in general adult populations.
  • Existing studies often focus on elderly or clinical groups, limiting generalizability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between iron deficiency, anemia, and HGS in a representative adult population in Matlab, Bangladesh.
  • To examine the role of body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage as predictors of HGS.
  • To provide insights into the relationship between nutritional status and physical capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of a representative adult sample from Matlab, Bangladesh.
  • Collected data on HGS, anthropometric measurements, and whole blood specimens.
  • Used hemoglobin and soluble transferrin receptor levels to identify anemia and iron deficiency, respectively.
  • Employed mixed-effects generalized linear models to analyze HGS predictors.

Main Results:

  • Iron deficiency showed a significant negative association with HGS in both men and women.
  • Anemia was not found to be significantly associated with HGS.
  • In men, underweight BMI was negatively associated with HGS, while overweight BMI was positively associated.
  • These BMI associations were not observed in women.

Conclusions:

  • Adequate iron status is crucial for muscle function and physical fitness, independent of anemia.
  • BMI categories appear to reflect differences in muscle mass and adiposity, influencing HGS, particularly in men.
  • Findings underscore the importance of addressing iron deficiency for maintaining physical capacity in adult populations.