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Related Concept Videos

Specific Heat01:16

Specific Heat

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The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
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Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature01:23

Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature

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Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
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Turning Up the Heat: Wireless Induction Heating for Multitemperature Microscale Reactions.

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A novel wireless induction-heating platform uses metal balls in each well for precise temperature control in multiwell plates. This method enables efficient, programmable heating and mixing for high-throughput experimentation (HTE).

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Accurate temperature control is crucial for high-throughput experimentation (HTE) but challenging in disposable plastic multiwell plates.
  • Conventional heating methods suffer from inefficiency, temperature gradients, and potential contamination in plastic plates.
  • Implementing multiple temperature set points typically requires separate plates or hardware, increasing complexity and introducing batch effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a wireless induction-heating platform for precise temperature control in disposable plastic multiwell plates.
  • To enable programmable, multi-zone temperature control within a single plate for HTE.
  • To integrate heating with mixing and reagent delivery functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • A wireless induction-heating platform was designed using small metal balls placed in each well of disposable plastic plates.
  • Induction heating generated heat directly within the reaction mixture, controlled by metal ball count and induction settings.
  • Fiber-optic probes were used to measure in-well temperatures and assess thermal crosstalk.
  • Metal balls were also utilized for tumble-stir mixing and reagent delivery.

Main Results:

  • The platform achieved stable in-well temperatures with rapid heating and minimal thermal crosstalk.
  • Multiple discrete temperature zones were programmed within a single multiwell plate by varying metal ball count.
  • Calibration relationships were established between induction settings, metal ball count, and in-well temperature.
  • The system successfully demonstrated temperature-resolved microscale cross-coupling screens and library synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Wireless induction heating with metal balls offers an efficient and versatile solution for temperature control in HTE.
  • This platform overcomes limitations of conventional heating, enabling precise, programmable, and multi-zone temperature management in disposable plates.
  • The integrated functionalities of heating, mixing, and reagent delivery enhance the capabilities for complex experimental workflows.